Buddhism is a religion which preaches enlightenment and knowledge through the act of meditation and chanting. Buddhism is essentially divided into two branches - Theravada and Mahayana. It is one of the most popularly followed religion. Most of the beliefs and traditions of Buddhism are primarily routed in teachings of the Buddha. This textbook describes the true essence of Buddhism in its extensive chapters. As the awareness and acceptance of Buddhism is growing at a rapid pace globally, the contents of this textbook will help the readers understand the concepts, rituals and foundations of this religion.