Child-rearing practices in every society occur in accordance with the cultural norms of the society. In most societies, however, child-rearing practices share a common value: the preservation of life and maintenance of the health and well-being of a new-born infant. In this volume, the authors bring together salient issues regarding cultural beliefs and practices and social issues regarding infant care and child-rearing and infant feeding practices as well as early motherhood in different societies. They show that traditional practices surrounding infant care and child-rearing continue to live despite the fact that many societies have been modernised.